Agroforestry is made up of nature based techniques to better utilize agricultural lands. With increasing temperatures, the water cycle is under more stress now than ever before. Where both droughts and flooding events are becoming more frequent and more extreme. Agroforestry may be the answer to both sides of this discussion, from waterlogged swampy soils to arid desert conditions that deal with soil evaporation.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a major greenhouse gas with a global warming potential approximately 298 times that of carbon dioxide over a 100-year period. Agricultural soils are one of the largest anthropogenic sources of N2O, largely due to nitrogen fertilization. As climate change mitigation becomes an increasing priority in agricultural policy and practice, biochar has emerged as a promising soil amendment capable of reducing N2O emissions.

In March 2025, King County announced a groundbreaking development in the fight to protect coho salmon: scientists identified a soil mixture that can effectively filter out 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), a toxic chemical derived from tire dust that enters waterways through stormwater runoff.